Kupitilira 2,000 ym'makutu apitawo, China ndi Italy, ngakhale zikwizikwi motalikirana, anali atalumikizidwa kale ndi msewu wakale wa Silk, njira yodziwika bwino yamalonda yomwe idathandizira kusinthanitsa katundu, malingaliro, ndi chikhalidwe pakati pawo.ny Kum'mawa ndi Kumadzulo.

Munthawi ya Mzera wa Han Kum'mawa (25-220), Gan Ying, kazembe waku China, adayamba ulendo wopita kukapeza "Da Qin", mawu achi China oti Ufumu wa Roma panthawiyo. Mawu akuti Seres, dziko la silika, anapangidwa ndi wolemba ndakatulo wachiroma dzina lake Publius Vergilius Maro komanso katswiri wa za malo Pomponius Mela. Ulendo wa Marco Polo unalimbikitsanso chidwi cha anthu a ku Ulaya ku China.

M'masiku ano, ulalo wakalewu udalimbikitsidwanso ndikumanga pamodzi kwa Belt and Road Initiative zomwe zidagwirizana pakati pa mayiko awiriwa mu 2019.

China ndi Italy zakhala ndi ubale wolimba wamalonda pazaka zingapo zapitazi. Malinga ndi zomwe zachokera ku General Administration of Customs ku China, kuchuluka kwa malonda a mayiko awiriwa kudafika $78 biliyoni mu 2022.

Ntchitoyi, yomwe ikukondwerera zaka 10 kuchokera pamene idakhazikitsidwa, yapindula kwambiri pa chitukuko cha zomangamanga, kuthandizira malonda, mgwirizano wa zachuma ndi mgwirizano pakati pa anthu ndi anthu pakati pa mayiko awiriwa.

Akatswiri akukhulupirira kuti dziko la China ndi Italiya, lomwe lili ndi mbiri yakale komanso zitukuko zakale, ali ndi mwayi wogwirizana kwambiri potengera chikhalidwe chawo, mwayi wachuma, komanso zokonda zawo.

Daniel Cologna, Sinologist wodziwa kusintha kwa chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe pakati pa anthu aku China ku yunivesite ya Italy ya Insubria komanso membala wa bungwe la Italy Association of Chinese Studies, anati: "Italy ndi China, chifukwa cha cholowa chawo cholemera komanso mbiri yakale, zili bwino. kukulitsa ubale wolimba mkati ndi kupitilira kwa Belt and Road Initiative. ”

Cologna adati cholowa cha anthu aku Italiya kukhala m'gulu la oyamba kudziwitsa anthu aku Europe ku China kumapangitsa kumvetsetsa kwapadera pakati pa mayiko awiriwa.

Pankhani ya mgwirizano wachuma, Cologna adawonetsa gawo lalikulu la katundu wamtengo wapatali pakusinthana kwamalonda pakati pa China ndi Italy. "Zolemba za ku Italy, makamaka zamtengo wapatali, zimakondedwa komanso zimadziwika ku China," adatero. "Opanga ku Italy amawona China ngati malo ofunikira opangira zinthu zakunja chifukwa chaluso komanso okhwima pantchito."

Alessandro Zadro, wamkulu wa dipatimenti yofufuza ku Italy China Council Foundation, adati: "China ikupereka msika wodalirika womwe ukukula kwachuma chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe munthu aliyense amapeza, kukula kwa mizinda komwe kukupitilira, kukula kwa zigawo zofunika zamkati, komanso kukwera ogula olemera omwe amakonda zopangidwa za Made in Italy.

"Italy iyenera kutenga mwayi ku China, osati pongowonjezera malonda akunja m'magulu azikhalidwe monga mafashoni ndi zapamwamba, mapangidwe, bizinesi yaulimi, ndi magalimoto, komanso kukulitsa gawo lake lamsika lolimba m'magawo omwe akutukuka kumene monga mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa, magalimoto amagetsi atsopano. , kupita patsogolo kwa zamankhwala, ndi kuteteza mbiri yakale ndi chikhalidwe cha dziko la China,” anawonjezera motero.

Mgwirizano pakati pa China ndi Italy ukuwonekeranso m'magawo a maphunziro ndi kafukufuku. Kulimbitsa maubale motere kumakhulupirira kuti ndikokomera mayiko onsewa, poganizira zamaphunziro awo apamwamba komanso chizolowezi chamaphunziro apamwamba.

Pakadali pano, Italy ili ndi mabungwe 12 a Confucius omwe amalimbikitsa kusinthana kwa zilankhulo ndi chikhalidwe mdziko muno. Zoyeserera zakhala zikuchitika mzaka khumi zapitazi zolimbikitsa kuphunzitsa chilankhulo cha Chitchaina m'masukulu akusekondale aku Italy.

Federico Masini, mkulu wa Confucius Institute pa Sapienza University of Rome, anati: “Lerolino, ophunzira oposa 17,000 m’dziko lonse la Italy akuphunzira Chitchaina monga mbali ya maphunziro awo, amene ali chiŵerengero chachikulu. Aphunzitsi opitilira 100 achi China, omwe amalankhula Chitaliyana, agwiritsidwa ntchito m'maphunziro a ku Italy kuti aziphunzitsa Chitchaina nthawi zonse. Kuchita zimenezi kwathandiza kwambiri kuthetsa mgwirizano pakati pa China ndi Italy.”

Ngakhale kuti Confucius Institute yakhala ikuwoneka ngati chida chofewa champhamvu cha China ku Italy, Masini adanenanso kuti ikhoza kuwoneka ngati ubale wogwirizana kumene wakhala ngati chida chofewa cha mphamvu ya Italy ku China. "Izi zili choncho chifukwa talandira akatswiri ambiri achichepere achi China, ophunzira ndi anthu omwe ali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi moyo waku Italy ndikuphunzirapo. Sizokhudza kutumiza dongosolo la dziko lina kupita ku lina; m'malo mwake, imagwira ntchito ngati nsanja yomwe imalimbikitsa mgwirizano pakati pa achinyamata ndikulimbikitsa kumvetsetsana," anawonjezera.

Komabe, ngakhale zolinga zoyambirira za China ndi Italy kupititsa patsogolo mgwirizano wa BRI, zinthu zosiyanasiyana zachititsa kuti mgwirizano wawo ukhale wochepa m'zaka zaposachedwa. Zosintha pafupipafupi m'boma la Italy zasintha cholinga cha chitukuko cha ntchitoyi.

Kuphatikiza apo, kufalikira kwa mliri wa COVID-19 komanso kusintha kwa ma geopolitics apadziko lonse lapansi kwakhudzanso kuthamanga kwa mgwirizano pakati pa mayiko awiriwa. Chotsatira chake, kupita patsogolo kwa mgwirizano pa BRI kwakhudzidwa, kukumana ndi kuchepa panthawiyi.

Giulio Pugliese, mnzake wamkulu (Asia-Pacific) ku Istituto Affari Internazionali, woganiza za ubale wapadziko lonse waku Italy, adati pakukula kwa ndale komanso chitetezo chamayiko akunja, makamaka ochokera ku China, komanso malingaliro oteteza padziko lonse lapansi, malingaliro a Italy pazandale. China ikuyenera kukhala yosamala kwambiri.

"Kudetsa nkhawa zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha zilango zachiwiri za US pazachuma komanso ukadaulo waku China zakhudza kwambiri Italy ndi Western Europe, motero kufooketsa mphamvu za mgwirizano," Pugliese adalongosola.

Maria Azzolina, pulezidenti wa bungwe la Italy-China Institute, anagogomezera kufunika kosunga kugwirizana kwanthaŵi yaitali ngakhale kuti ndale zasintha, ponena kuti: “Ubale pakati pa Italy ndi China sungasinthike mosavuta chifukwa cha boma latsopano.

Chidwi champhamvu cha bizinesi

"Chidwi chachikulu cha bizinesi pakati pa mayiko awiriwa chikupitilirabe, ndipo makampani aku Italy akufunitsitsa kuchita bizinesi mosasamala kanthu za boma lomwe lili ndi mphamvu," adatero. Azzolina akukhulupirira kuti Italy iyesetsa kupeza mgwirizano ndikukhalabe ndi ubale wolimba ndi China, chifukwa kulumikizana kwachikhalidwe kwakhala kofunikira.

A Fan Xianwei, mlembi wamkulu wa Komiti Yowona Zazamalonda ku Milan yochokera ku Milan ku Italy, akuvomereza zonse zakunja zomwe zimalimbikitsa mgwirizano pakati pa mayiko awiriwa.

Komabe, adati: "Pali chikhumbo chachikulu pakati pa mabizinesi ndi makampani m'maiko onsewa kuti awonjezere mgwirizano. Malingana ngati chuma chikuyenda bwino, ndale nazonso zikuyenda bwino.

Chimodzi mwazovuta kwambiri ku mgwirizano wa China ndi Italy ndikuwunika kochulukira kwa ndalama zaku China ndi mayiko akumadzulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti makampani aku China aziyika ndalama m'magawo omwe ali ndi chidwi kwambiri.

Filippo Fasulo, yemwe ndi mtsogoleri wa Geoeconomics Center ku Italy Institute for International Political Studies, woganiza bwino, ananena kuti mgwirizano pakati pa China ndi Italy uyenera kuyandikira "mwanzeru komanso mwanzeru" panthawi yovutayi. Njira imodzi yomwe ingatheke ingakhale kuwonetsetsa kuti ulamuliro waku Italy ukhalabe wolamulira, makamaka m'malo monga madoko, adawonjezera.

Fasulo amakhulupirira kuti ndalama za greenfield m'malo ena, monga kukhazikitsa makampani a mabatire ku Italy, zitha kuthandiza kuchepetsa nkhawa ndikukulitsa chidaliro pakati pa China ndi Italy.

"Ndalama zanzeru zotere zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri m'deralo zimagwirizana ndi mfundo zoyambirira za Belt and Road Initiative, kutsindika mgwirizano wopambana ndikuwonetsa anthu ammudzi kuti ndalamazi zimabweretsa mwayi," adatero.

wangmingjie@mail.chinadailyuk.com