Chiboliboli chowoneka bwino komanso chowoneka bwino chamkuwa chomwe chafukulidwa posachedwa pamalo a Sanxingdui ku Guanghan, m'chigawo cha Sichuan, chitha kupereka zidziwitso zochititsa chidwi pakuzindikira miyambo yachipembedzo yodabwitsa yomwe idazungulira malo otchuka azaka 3,000 zakale, akatswiri asayansi atero.

Chithunzi chaumunthu chokhala ndi thupi lofanana ndi njoka komanso chotengera chamwambo chodziwika kuti azunpamutu pake, adafukulidwa ku "dzenje lansembe" la No 8 kuchokera ku Sanxingdui. Akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale omwe amagwira ntchito pamalowa adatsimikizira Lachinayi kuti chinthu china chomwe chinapezedwa zaka makumi angapo zapitazo chinali mbali yosweka ya chofukulidwa chatsopanochi.

Mu 1986, mbali imodzi ya fanoli, thupi lopindika la munthu lolumikizana ndi mapazi a mbalame, linapezeka mu dzenje la No 2 pamtunda wa mamita ochepa. Gawo lachitatu la fanolo, manja awiri akugwira chombo chodziwika kuti alei, idapezekanso posachedwa mu dzenje la No 8.

Atalekanitsidwa kwa zaka 3, ziwalozo zinagwirizanitsidwanso mu labotale yosungiramo zinthu kuti apange thupi lonse, lomwe liri ndi maonekedwe ofanana ndi acrobat.

Maenje awiri odzaza ndi zinthu zakale zamkuwa zowoneka bwino, zomwe nthawi zambiri amaganiza kuti akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito pamwambo wansembe, adapezeka mwangozi ku Sanxingdui mu 1986, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti ikhale imodzi mwazinthu zakale kwambiri zakale ku China m'zaka za zana la 20.

Maenje ena asanu ndi limodzi adapezeka ku Sanxingdui mu 2019. Zotsalira zopitilira 13,000, kuphatikiza zinthu zakale 3,000 zomwe zidapangidwa mwathunthu, zidafukulidwa pakufukula komwe kudayamba mu 2020.

Akatswiri ena amalingalira kuti zinthu zakalezo zinaphwanyidwa mwadala zisanayikidwe mobisa m’mansembe ndi anthu akale a mtundu wa Shu, amene anali kulamulira chigawochi panthawiyo. Kufananiza zinthu zakale zomwe zapezedwa m'maenje osiyanasiyana kumapangitsa kuti chiphunzitsochi chikhale chogwirizana, asayansi adatero.

"Zigawozo zidalekanitsidwa zisanakwiridwe m'maenje," adatero Ran Honglin, katswiri wofufuza zakale yemwe amagwira ntchito pamalo a Sanxingdui. “Anasonyezanso kuti maenje awiriwo anakumbidwa m’nthawi imodzi. Choncho zimene anapezazo n’zofunika kwambiri chifukwa zinatithandiza kudziwa bwino kugwirizana kwa maenje komanso mmene anthu a m’madera ankakhalira.”

Ran, wochokera ku Sichuan Provincial Cultural Relics and Archaeology Research Institute, adati ziwalo zambiri zosweka zimatha kukhala "zododometsa" zomwe zikudikirira kuti asayansi aziphatikiza.

"Zotsalira zambiri zitha kukhala zathupi limodzi," adatero. Tili ndi zodabwitsa zambiri zoti tiyembekezere.

Zithunzi za ku Sanxingdui zimaganiziridwa kuti zikuwonetsa anthu m'magulu awiri akuluakulu, osiyanitsidwa wina ndi mnzake kudzera mu masitayelo awo. Popeza kuti chopangidwa chatsopanocho chokhala ndi thupi lofanana ndi njoka chili ndi mtundu wachitatu wamatsitsi, mwina chinasonyeza gulu lina la anthu omwe ali ndi udindo wapadera, ofufuzawo adatero.

Zogulitsa zamkuwa zomwe sizinali zodziwika kale komanso zowoneka bwino zidapitilirabe kupezeka m'maenje akufukula komwe kukuchitika, komwe kukuyembekezeka kupitilira mpaka kumayambiriro kwa chaka chamawa, ndi nthawi yochulukirapo yosamalira ndi kuphunzira, adatero Ran.

Wang Wei, wotsogolera komanso wofufuza ku Chinese Academy of Social Sciences 'Academic Division of History, adati maphunziro a Sanxingdui akadali akadali koyambirira. "Chotsatira ndicho kuyang'ana mabwinja a zomangamanga zazikulu, zomwe zingasonyeze kachisi," adatero.

Maziko omanga, okhala ndi masikweya mita 80, adapezeka posachedwa pafupi ndi "maenje ansembe" koma ndi molawirira kwambiri kuti adziwe ndikuzindikira zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kapena chikhalidwe chawo. "Kupezeka kwa mausoleum apamwamba m'tsogolomu kudzabweretsanso mfundo zofunika kwambiri," adatero Wang.